Garrett Turbo

dennis james asked:




The principle behind the internal combustion engine is that a mix of fuel and air is ignited inside the cylinders and by compressing and expanding this mix, extremely powerful forces are resulted, forces that are converted to the car’s wheels, moving the car forward.

The bigger the compression is, the larger will be the engine’s power output. And this is what everybody wants, more power from the engine, more speed and better handling. If you choose to install a turbo charger, you will increase the engine’s power significantly.

But all these methods of increasing the car’s power output have a series of downsides and an incredible amount of heat is the most important one. Heat is the number one enemy of mechanical components and even if car engine’s is designed to handle these incredible high temperatures, if these levels get out of control, the engine will definitely break.

Car engineers tried to find answers to removing this heat from the engine and their outcome was the water-cooled radiator. The car’s cooling system is one of the car’s most important elements and keeping it in perfect condition is the key behind a reliable car. It is the radiator’s job to remove the heat from the engine and it should work at maximum efficiency even in extreme conditions.

The car’s engine can quickly overheat if there is any problem with the car’s cooling system and this peril is especially higher in very slow moving traffic or during hot, summer days.

The radiator is a large matrix of small pipes, and when the coolant passes through the cooling cores of the radiator, it cools down, eliminating the heat it has accumulated from the engine.

The bigger the radiator, the large amount of heat it can remove from the engine. Also the coolant must be of high quality, because if there are any impurities in the engine’s radiator or the cooling system is damaged, its cooling properties will go down. Inside the cooling system, the coolant is sealed and it is under pressure and that is why, in these conditions, the coolant will boil at around 120 degrees Celsius.

At around 100 degrees Celsius the onboard computer will turn the radiator fan on to further help to cool down the coolant. If you have paid attention to the physics classes in high school, you might remember that a radiator is a heat exchanger and its purpose is to transfer the heat from one part of the system (in our case the engine) to another part (the radiator fins). The air moving at high speeds over the radiator’s large contact area will cool this liquid very quickly and electric and hydraulic pumps will pump the coolant back in the engine.

From time to time you may need to work on the radiator or on other elements of the car’s cooling system and you have to be very careful when doing so. The radiator’s fan is very powerful and dangerous and you should disconnect its wires that come from the battery (the fan is usually electric driven and commanded).

If the radiator has been hit and it looses coolant, you will usually have to replace it to keep the engine’s integrity. There are fixes to minor radiator leakages, but major problems can only be solved by replacing the radiator.

By maintaining properly, the car’s cooling system you can be sure it will last longer and you will have fewer things to worry about when driving your car.



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MJ Marks asked:




At one time, if I asked, what exactly are twin turbo kits? The fact that I didn’t know could be attributed to the fact that I am a girl. But saying something like that today would not go over well in an equal rights, girl’s can do anything, type of society. So I will blame my ignorance on lack of interest, the fact that I didn’t get my license until I was 21, and that I have a minor in Nature and Wilderness Conservation and consider excess noises and lights a form of pollution. So, when I hear the words twin turbo kits, I think loud, fast cars. But is this correct? And if so, is there more to them?

With just a little research, I discovered that my basic concept of twin turbo kits are correct. They give your car a huge boost of power along with loudness. And let’s face it, a lot of people like the roar of a fast car! Here in our small town last weekend there was a 50′s car show called Lost in the 50′s. It is a huge event in our small town and begins with a vintage car parade on Friday night. Our whole family went in to see it, and the roaring of supped up engines was one of the biggest hits.

To break down more specifically what twin turbo kits are, let’s look at each term individually.

Let’s first look at the second word, turbo, which is short for turbocharger. A turbocharger forces compressed air into an internal combustion engine. It is a type of supercharger in which the compressor is powered by a turbine which is driven by the engine’s own exhaust gases (so you can tell your neighbor that you are recycling!). With the air compressed as it enters the engine, it creates more power.

Now let’s back up. Obviously, twin means two, but two what? Two turbochargers, which can come in one of two different configurations: parallel or sequential.

Basically, parallel are two identical turbos that are smaller than a single turbo, and that both turn on at the same time. With the two smaller turbos, the duty of compressing the intake charge is completed faster, so they reach their boost threshold more quickly than a single large turbo, but produce the same amount of boost.

A sequential twin turbo system is a lot more complicated. Basically, one turbo is active throughout the entire rev range, and the second one only kicks in at the higher RPM. This system also has reduced turbo lag (the time it takes to spool the turbine enough for it to operate effectively), but has the added benefit of adding extra boost at higher RPM’s. Similar performance with less lag is the primary benefit of twin turbo kits over a bigger single turbo system.

Kit, well we all know what that means, it is the twin turbo system bundled up with everything you need to turbo charge your car.

So, if you like your cars loud and fast, then turbo charging your car may be just the thing for you. And if there is one thing I learned at the vintage car parade, it is that any car can be turbo charged! I expected to see twin turbo kits on muscle cars of the 1960′s, but I also saw car’s with them from as early as the 1920′s. And though you may not get to use your turbo charger every day, there are definite moments in time when they can be a lot of fun.



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Gareth Hoyle asked:




If you have a need for a turbocharger then it stands to reason that you want one that is a high standard and will do the job you set out for it to do. If this is the case then you should look at only buying from one of the leading brands in order to make sure you get the best quality product possible. The Napier turbocharger brand is a leader in the design and manufacturing of these products. They are known worldwide for the products that they offer and for the standard of them being so high.

In case you are not sure; a turbocharger has a very specific job. It allows what would usually be wasted gas (the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine) to be used to drive a compressor via a turbine wheel. If you work in the manufacturing industry you will know that this is a vital job and this is a very worthwhile process.

Turbocharging has become so popular because it is helpful in so many ways. It can help reduce things such as the weight and space required for diesel engine installations. Perhaps most vitally it also helps to reduce the cost. On top of that it makes a massive improvement to the performance and efficiency of machines.

If you buy a Napier turbo charger you can be assured of the quality of the product and therefore know that efficiency is going to be at its maximum. The brand name Napier has over 60 years’ experience in this field which should help give you some reassure to the quality of the product that they offer.

Their reputation is also so good because of the support that they offer to people both before and after they have made their purchase.

You only have to look online at a Napier turbocharger review website to be able to see just how many people have been very happy with their purchase. This is because the company is passionate about providing high quality goods and this shows in the high standard of the turbochargers that they have on sale.



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BoostTown.com asked:


This a article from BoostTown.com

Your #1 Source For How To Increase Your Cars Performance

Visit us to find more articles will color pictures that aid in the clarification of the various automotive components

For the full article go here:

http://www.boosttown.com/forced_induction/turbo.php

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The turbo (also known as turbocharger) has been around for many years, almost as long as the internal combustion engine itself. A turbocharger, has two wheels on it. One is called the turbine and this sits in the exhaust system. The exhaust gas leaving the engine causes the turbine and the shaft fixed to it, to spin.

On the other hand of the shaft is the impellor, or compressor wheel. This pulls air in and the forces into the engine. For this to work effectively, the impellor wheel typically spins at 120,000 – 150,000 RPM (Revolutions Per Minute).

Many kinds of bearings used at these high rotational speeds need lubrication and cooling systems. The turbocharger’s lubrication system can be an isolated system or receive oil from the engine’s oil supply. For cooling the lubrication system may double as the cooling system, separate coolant may be pumped through the center housing from an outside source such as the engine coolant system, or the turbine may be air cooled. An oil lubrication and water cooling system using engine oil and engine coolant are commonplace in automotive applications. Special kinds of bearings, e.g. foil bearings, can reduce or eliminate the need for lubrication and reduce the cooling requirement.

Turbos rely on the flow of the exhaust gas through the turbine housing, they only start to spin after ignition has taken place and so there is a delay between opening the throttle and the turbo spinning and producing boost. This is known as ‘turbo lag’ and is considered to be a downside compared to superchargers.

The turbine and impeller are each contained within their own housing on opposite sides. These housings collect and direct the gas flow. The size and shape can dictate some performance characteristics of the overall turbocharger. The area of the cone to radius from center hub is expressed as a ratio (AR, A/R, or A:R). Often the same basic turbocharger assembly will be available from the manufacturer with multiple AR choices for the turbine housing and sometimes the compressor cover as well. This allows the designer of the engine system to tailor the compromises between performance, response, and efficiency to application or preference.

Carazoo.com asked:


Engine is the heart of any automotive. Whether it is a passenger car, a two-wheeler, or a commercial vehicle, all automotives need engines to run. It’s the engine that generates power and transforms the fuel energy to kinetic energy of the wheels. Therefore, it is very important to monitor and maintain the performance levels of the engine.

Here are best ways to improve engine performance:

Engine Displacement

Engine displacement is defined as the total volume of air and fuel mixture that the car engine draws during one complete cycle moved by the piston from the top dead center to the bottom dead center. Dead center is the position of the piston when it is farthest or nearest to the crankshaft.

To improve engine performance, it is very important to increase engine displacement. This is because if the engine draws higher volume of air and fuel mixture, it will definitely generate more power. This can simply be done by increasing the size of the cylinder or by adding more number of cylinders to the engine. These cylinders play a significant role in the car engine as both compression and combustion takes place in these cylinders. Therefore, if the size is more, more mixture can be fused it, which in turn will generate higher power output. This improves engine efficiency.

Engine Compression Ratio

Compression ratio is the degree to which air and fuel mixture in the internal combustion engine is compressed before ignition. Increasing this ratio is one of the best ways to increase power and torque, thereby improving engine performance.

Higher compression ratio enables the car engine to extract more energy from the given volume of air and fuel mixture. It also causes better mixing of the power. This in turn, produces enhanced power during ignition and extracts more useful energy from the withdrawn power.

Intercoolers

An intercooler is a device used in car engine to cool the air between successive heating stages. Air outside is comparatively hot and therefore it is very important to cool the air before fueling it into the engine. Later compressed air raises the temperature due to high pressure generated by the movement of the piston in the engine.

Hot air expands less during combustion and reduces the amount of energy generated. The air should always be cool before it enters the engine cylinder and that’s why intercoolers are usually placed in the most of the turbocharged and supercharged cars.



J.Wade